The South and Midwest are bracing for a scorching week as a heat dome settles over the region, bringing with it intense heat and oppressive humidity. Residents can expect a prolonged period of sweltering conditions, with temperatures soaring into the 90s and even exceeding triple digits in some areas. This dangerous heat wave is expected to persist through late July, posing significant health risks to vulnerable populations.

The culprit behind this extreme weather event is a heat dome, a phenomenon where high-pressure systems trap hot air over a region, preventing it from escaping. As the heat dome intensifies, it will draw in warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico, further exacerbating the already stifling conditions. The Mississippi and Ohio Valleys will be particularly affected, experiencing high levels of humidity that will make the air feel even hotter than the actual temperature.

Overnight temperatures are also expected to remain high, offering little respite from the daytime heat. This lack of nighttime cooling can be especially dangerous, as it prevents the body from recovering from the heat stress accumulated during the day. Individuals without access to air conditioning will face an increased risk of heat-related illnesses, such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke.

While the South and Midwest swelter, the Northeast may experience a brief reprieve from the heat towards the end of the month. However, this relief is expected to be temporary, and the region may soon find itself under the influence of the same heat dome affecting other parts of the country.

To stay safe during this period of extreme heat, it is crucial to take precautions. Drink plenty of fluids, even if you don't feel thirsty. Avoid strenuous activities during the hottest part of the day. Seek out air-conditioned environments whenever possible, such as shopping malls, libraries, or cooling centers. Wear loose-fitting, light-colored clothing to help your body stay cool. Check on elderly neighbors and relatives who may be more vulnerable to the heat.

Heat exhaustion and heatstroke are serious medical conditions that can occur when the body is unable to regulate its temperature. Symptoms of heat exhaustion include heavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, headache, nausea, and vomiting. If you experience these symptoms, move to a cool place, drink fluids, and rest. If symptoms worsen or do not improve, seek medical attention immediately. Heatstroke is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body's temperature rises to 104 degrees Fahrenheit or higher. Symptoms of heatstroke include confusion, seizures, and loss of consciousness. If you suspect someone is experiencing heatstroke, call 911 immediately and take steps to cool the person down, such as applying cold water or ice packs.

As climate change continues to intensify, extreme heat events like this are becoming more frequent and severe. It is essential to take steps to mitigate the effects of climate change and protect vulnerable populations from the health risks associated with extreme heat. This includes reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving energy efficiency, and investing in infrastructure that can withstand extreme weather events.