European agriculture is facing increasing challenges due to climate change, with Southern Europe experiencing chronic droughts, extreme heatwaves, and water scarcity. Northern Europe is dealing with unstable winters and saturated soils, while Western Europe faces increased flood risks. Central and Eastern Europe are confronted with a volatile mix of drought, heat stress, long-term aridification trends, and flash flood risks. These climate hazards are exacerbating vulnerabilities in farming systems, particularly those with high water dependence, degraded soils, and reliance on external inputs.